Legal Analysis of Polluted Fuels from the Perspective of International Human Rights Law

Abstract

Air pollution at the local, national, and international levels causes significant harm to both the human and natural environment. Today, environmental protection has become such a prominent moral and social value that it necessitates criminal protection. In this context, the insufficiency of civil liability guarantees and the inadequacy of administrative legal measures have reinforced the need for stronger legal mechanisms. However, criminal law interventions aimed at environmental protection require careful consideration of specific principles, without which the success of such legal protections cannot be assured. Civil rights are privileges granted to a country's citizens within its borders, but environmental civil rights cannot be confined by borders, as the environment transcends national boundaries. From this perspective, particular attention must be paid to the principles and foundations of human rights, which also encompass civil rights. Accordingly, the perpetrator of an act causing pollution is regarded as a violator of both environmental human rights and civil rights. This article examines the issue of polluted fuels as one of the contributing factors to environmental pollution, analyzing it from the standpoint of international law, international legal practices, and relevant judicial rulings.