امهال تسهیلات معوق بانکی قراردادهای خرید دین و اجاره به شرط تملیک

مصدق سالار; جواد نیک نژاد; مهدی فلاح خاریکی

Authors

Mossadegh Salar PhD student, private law department, Ayatollah Amoly Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amoly, Iran. Author https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0587-8621
Javad Niknejad Associate Professor, Department of Private Law, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, West Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Author
mehdi Fallah Kharyeki Assistant Professor, Department of Private Law, Ayatollah Amoly Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amoly, Iran. Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5841-712X

Keywords:

Imhal, deferred bank facility, debt purchase, lease with acquisition condition

Abstract

Under Iran’s current economic conditions, which are characterized by a growing volume of banks’ non-performing claims, it is undoubtedly necessary to devise appropriate mechanisms for the expeditious recovery of banking claims in a manner that both safeguards banks’ interests and remains within customers’ financial capacity and solvency. However, given the necessity of complying with legal and Sharia requirements within the Islamic banking system, as well as the existing unresolved challenges and difficulties, the implementation of mechanisms for rescheduling overdue banking obligations may itself give rise to new legal and operational challenges. The present study aims to address two important questions: whether overdue banking facilities arising from debt purchase and lease-to-own contracts can be rescheduled, and whether other overdue banking facilities can be rescheduled through debt purchase and lease-to-own contractual arrangements. This study adopts a descriptive-analytical approach and examines these questions through library-based research. The findings indicate that overdue banking facilities arising from debt purchase and lease-to-own contracts may be rescheduled through one of three methods: extension, renewal, or conversion of the contract. Rescheduling may also be accomplished by granting debt purchase facilities against commercial instruments. Furthermore, rescheduling involving an increase in the amount payable under lease-to-own facilities is possible through the conversion or renewal of the underlying contract. It is concluded that, when granting banking facilities, banks should conduct adequate and appropriate credit assessments, evaluate the subject matter of the financing, and undertake sufficient market analysis. Throughout the term of the contract, banks should also adequately supervise the proper use of the facilities for the purpose specified in the contract, while ensuring that the collateral and guarantees obtained are proportionate to the type and amount of the facilities granted.

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