The Extent of Environmental Exploitation from the Perspective of Islamic Jurisprudence and Positive Law

Abstract

The aim of this research is to examine the extent of environmental exploitation from the perspectives of Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh) and positive law. This article is conducted using a descriptive and analytical approach. Based on the obtained results, both Islamic jurisprudence and religious principles present the preservation of the environment and natural resources as a moral and religious duty, emphasizing the individual and collective responsibilities of people and the government. These responsibilities include adhering to ethical principles in the exploitation of natural resources and preventing corruption on earth. In this regard, the Quranic verses and Hadiths explicitly stress the necessity of protecting nature and the commitment to its preservation. From a legal perspective, the rights of future generations are recognized as a human right, and the need for the creation and adherence to policies and laws for environmental protection is emphasized. National laws and regulations, including the Environmental Protection and Enhancement Act and the Air Pollution Prevention Act, specifically regulate the extent of environmental exploitation and aim to reduce pollution and protect the environment and natural resources. This study investigates the specific responsibilities assigned to the people and government by each of these perspectives, giving particular attention to actions that aim to preserve biodiversity, reduce pollution, manage natural resources sustainably, and implement effective policies to ensure the rights of future generations in the exploitation of the environment. Finally, suggestions based on cooperation and synergy between the people and the government are provided to establish a healthy and sustainable environment for future generations.