The Governing Principles of Joint Utilization of Transboundary Rivers in Light of International Law

Abstract

This study examines the legal principles and regulations governing the utilization of transboundary rivers using a descriptive-analytical method. The primary objective of the research is to identify the legal challenges and opportunities in the joint use of transboundary water resources. One of the key issues addressed in this context is the principle of "equitable and reasonable utilization," which is widely applied in international treaties, particularly concerning transboundary rivers. This principle obligates states to respect each other's rights in the exploitation of shared water resources and to refrain from actions that harm the interests of other states. Furthermore, the principle of preventing environmental harm was emphasized as another fundamental principle for the sustainable utilization of rivers. The research findings indicate that the inequitable exploitation of transboundary water resources not only leads to environmental and humanitarian crises but also negatively impacts international relations and regional security. The absence of legal commitments to international conventions on shared water resources contributes to regional instability and exacerbates political tensions. The study clearly highlights the importance of respecting human rights and fostering regional cooperation to protect water resources and prevent crises.